Radiofrequency identification tracking system (RFID) significantly improves blood bank inventory management and decreases staff work effort.

BACKGROUND: Before implementation of the radio frequency identification (RFID) system, there was a high loss rate of 4.0%-4.3% of red blood cell (RBC) units every year expiring on the shelf in our transfusion service laboratory. We introduced RFID technology to improve inventory management and the burden of work on the staff. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of RFID technology on the inventory management of RBC units and the staff workload in a transfusion service laboratory. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Using an RFID system involves encoding RBC units with an RFID tag capturing information such as donor identification number, product code, blood type, expiration date, product volume, and negative antigen(s). Tag information is collected through retrofitted storage shelves linked to the RFID server. The study analyzed RBC usage by unit and by volume (mL) and staff work effort to carry out inventory management tasks before and after the implementation of the RFID system. RESULTS: Implementation of the RFID technology reduced the loss, or discard, of RBC units to less than 1% annually (a statistically significant change, p < .001). The RFID computer dashboard provides a constant visual update of the inventory, allowing technologists to have accurate product counts and reducing their work burden. DISCUSSION: Implementation of RFID technology substantially reduced RBC product loss, improved inventory management, and lessened staff work burden.

Radio Frequency Identification Gate System to Identify Misused Personal Dosimeters.

The use of two personal dosimeters, one worn over and one worn under a protective apron, provides the best estimate of effective dose. However, inappropriate positioning of dosimeters is a common occurrence, resulting in abnormally high or low radiation exposure records. Although such incorrect positioning can be identified by radiation exposure records, doing so is time-consuming and labor-intensive for administrators. Therefore, a system that can identify incorrect locations of dosimeters without burdening administrators must be developed. In this study, we developed a radio frequency identification (RFID) gate system that can differentiate between two RFID-tagged dosimeters placed over and under a metal apron and identify misused dosimeters. To simulate the position of the RFID-tagged dosimeters, we designed four dosimeter-wearing classes, including "proper use" and three types of "misuse" (i.e., "reversed," "both under," and "both over"). When the system predicts "misuse" based on the tag reading, the worker is alerted with lights and alarms. The system performance was evaluated using a confusion matrix, with an overall accuracy of 97.75%, demonstrating high classification performance. The safety of the system against life support devices was also investigated, demonstrating that they were not affected by the electric field at 0.3 m or more from the antenna of the system under any transmit powers tested. This RFID gate system is highly capable of identifying incorrectly positioned dosimeters, enabling real-time monitoring of dosimeters to manage their positioning.

Design and practice of an emergency blood allocation system based on radiofrequency identification technology.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Currently, blood allocation is solely done by scanning barcode labels for each bag of blood, with low efficiency. However, the rapid allocation of emergency blood is required owing to the rapid increase in blood consumption during unconventional emergencies. This study aimed to design and apply radiofrequency identification (RFID) technology for the rapid allocation of blood in batches with advantages in time, efficiency and accuracy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A blood emergency allocation system based on RFID technology was designed using a multi-label anti-collision algorithm and tested with automatic information check, a comparative study of scanning speed and accuracy, data analysis and other methods. RESULTS: The optimal packing quantities of suspended red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma were 40 and 50 bags per box, respectively. The application of rapid batch allocation of blood using RFID technology was performed, and the data sent and received by RFID scanning and barcode scanning were compared. CONCLUSION: The designed RFID blood emergency allocation system could effectively achieve the rapid and batch allocation of emergency blood and has the advantages of stability, efficiency and accuracy in blood emergency allocation and management.

Posture Classification with a Bed-Monitoring System Using Radio Frequency Identification.

Aging of the population and the declining birthrate in Japan have produced severe human resource shortages in the medical and long-term care industries. Reportedly, falls account for more than 50% of all accidents in nursing homes. Recently, various bed-release sensors have become commercially available. In fact, clip sensors, mat sensors, and infrared sensors are used widely in hospitals and nursing care facilities. We propose a simple and inexpensive monitoring system for elderly people as a technology capable of detecting bed activity, aimed particularly at preventing accidents involving falls. Based on findings obtained using that system, we aim at realizing a simple and inexpensive bed-monitoring system that improves quality of life. For this study, we developed a bed-monitoring system for detecting bed activity. It can predict bed release using RFID, which can achieve contactless measurements. The proposed bed-monitoring system incorporates an RFID antenna and tags, with a method for classifying postures based on the RFID communication status. Experimentation confirmed that three postures can be classified with two tags, seven postures with four tags, and nine postures with six tags. The detection rates were 90% for two tags, 75% for four tags, and more than 50% for six tags.

Barcode and radio frequency identification utilization varied across Korean hospitals.

Barcodes and radio frequency identification (RFID) are increasingly used in health care to improve patient safety. However, studies on their utilization in clinical settings are limited. This study aimed to comprehensively examine the utilization status of barcodes and RFID in Korean hospitals, recognize the effects and obstacles associated with utilization, and explore the measures to expand the applications of barcodes and RFID. A self-reported online survey was conducted in tertiary hospitals, general hospitals, hospitals, and nursing hospitals in the Republic of Korea. The survey questionnaire comprised questions on barcodes and RFID utilization status, the effect of barcodes and RFID utilization, measures to expand the utilization of barcodes and RFID, and information on respondents' demographics and hospitals. A representative from each of 23 tertiary hospitals, 101 general hospitals, 232 hospitals, and 214 nursing hospitals completed the survey (total response rate 17%). The data were analysed using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test to determine the differences in responses based on the type and characteristics of hospitals. The tertiary hospitals had the highest utilizations of both RFID and barcodes (n = 10, 43.5%), whereas the nursing hospitals had the lowest (n = 96, 55.1%). Barcodes and RFID were most commonly used in the visits and security management domains. However, the use of barcodes and RFID in medication dispensing and administration safety was low, despite its value in improving patient safety. The hospitals recognized the positive effect of utilization of barcodes and RFID, reporting the highest frequency for the prevention of patient safety incidents (n = 79, 85.9%). Nevertheless, the cost of barcodes and RFID facility investments (n = 128, 90.3%) appeared to be the greatest obstacle to the introduction of barcodes and RFID. Hence, barcodes and RFID facility investment support (n = 133, 95.5%) were given the highest priority among the measures to expand barcode and RFID utilization in health care. The utilization of barcodes and RFID varied across the type and domain of hospitals in the Republic of Korea. Hospitals recognized the positive effects of barcode and RFID utilization. Nonetheless, all hospitals were concerned about the cost of investment and maintenance of barcode and RFID facilities as the main obstacles to utilization. Therefore, a support plan must be developed for the cost of barcodes and RFID facility investments to expand barcode and RFID utilization in health care.

Nature-inspired spider web shaped UHF RFID reader antenna for IoT and healthcare applications.

This paper proposes a nature-inspired spider web-shaped ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) reader antenna and battery-free sensor-based system for healthcare applications. This antenna design consists of eight concentric decagons of various sizes and five straight microstrip lines.These lines are connected to the ground using 50 [Formula: see text] resistors from both ends, except for one microstrip line that is reserved for connecting a feeding port. The reader antenna design features fairly strong and uniform electric and magnetic field characteristics. It also exhibits wideband characteristics, covering whole UHF RFID band (860-960 MHz) and providing a tag reading volume of 200 [Formula: see text] 200 [Formula: see text] 20 mm[Formula: see text]. Additionally, it has low gain characteristics, which are necessary for the majority of nearfield applications to prevent the misreading of other tags. Moreover, the current distribution in this design is symmetric throughout the structure, effectively resolving orientation sensitivity issues commonly encountered in low-cost linearly polarized tag antennas. The measurement results show that the reader antenna can read medicine pills tagged using low-cost passive/battery-free RFID tags, tagged expensive jewelry, intervenes solution, and blood bags positioned in various orientations. As a result, the proposed reader antenna-based system is a strong contender for near-field RFID, healthcare, and IoT applications.

Analysis of Data Reception in the Communication Layer Applied to an Architecture of Mobile Sensor Networks in Marine Environments.

This paper is focused on the use of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology operating at 125 kHz in a communication layer for a network of mobile and static nodes in marine environments, with a specific focus on the Underwater Internet of Things (UIoT). The analysis is divided into two main sections: characterizing the penetration depth at different frequencies and evaluating the probabilities of data reception between antennas of static nodes and a terrestrial antenna considering the line of sight (LoS) between antennas. The results indicate that the use of RFID technology at 125 kHz allows for data reception with a penetration depth of 0.6116 dB/m, demonstrating its suitability for data communication in marine environments. In the second part of the analysis, we examine the probabilities of data reception between static-node antennas at different heights and a terrestrial antenna at a specific height. Wave samples recorded in Playa Sisal, Yucatan, Mexico, are used for this analysis. The findings show a maximum reception probability of 94.5% between static nodes with an antenna at a height of 0 m and a 100% data reception probability between a static node and the terrestrial antenna when the static-node antennas are optimally positioned at a height of 1 m above sea level. Overall, this paper provides valuable insights into the application of RFID technology in marine environments for the UIoT, considering the minimization of impacts on marine fauna. The results suggest that by adjusting the characteristics of the RFID system, the proposed architecture can be effectively implemented to expand the monitoring area, considering variables both underwater and on the surface of the marine environment.

Enhancing Security and Privacy in Healthcare Systems Using a Lightweight RFID Protocol.

Exploiting Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology in healthcare systems has become a common practice, as it ensures better patient care and safety. However, these systems are prone to security vulnerabilities that can jeopardize patient privacy and the secure management of patient credentials. This paper aims to advance state-of-the-art approaches by developing more secure and private RFID-based healthcare systems. More specifically, we propose a lightweight RFID protocol that safeguards patients' privacy in the Internet of Healthcare Things (IoHT) domain by utilizing pseudonyms instead of real IDs, thereby ensuring secure communication between tags and readers. The proposed protocol has undergone rigorous testing and has been proven to be secure against various security attacks. This article provides a comprehensive overview of how RFID technology is used in healthcare systems and benchmarks the challenges faced by these systems. Then, it reviews the existing RFID authentication protocols proposed for IoT-based healthcare systems in terms of their strengths, challenges, and limitations. To overcome the limitations of existing approaches, we proposed a protocol that addresses the anonymity and traceability issues in existing schemes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that our proposed protocol had a lower computational cost than existing protocols and ensured better security. Finally, our proposed lightweight RFID protocol ensured strong security against known attacks and protected patient privacy using pseudonyms instead of real IDs.

RFID trial: localization of non-palpable breast lesions using radiofrequency identification tags or wire.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women. Approximately 50% of breast cancers are discovered at an early stage in patients for whom conservative surgery is indicated. Intraoperative localization of non-palpable breast lesions is generally accomplished using a hook wire to mark the area of concern under ultrasound or stereotactic localization. But this technique has several drawbacks (painful, stressful…). We propose the use of a wire-free breast lesion system using miniature radiofrequency identification (RFID) tags. This technique could improve patient comfort and surgical comfort for surgeons. We therefore propose a study to assess the interest of introducing the RFID localization technique at the Jean PERRIN comprehensive cancer center. METHODS: This is a single-center prospective trial designed to assess the interest in introducing the RFID localization technique at the Jean Perrin center. It aims to show the superiority of the RFID technique in terms of patient tolerance compared to the gold-standard (hook wire). A sequential inclusion in time will be performed: 20 inclusions in the gold-standard group, then 20 patients in the RFID group before repeating the inclusion scheme. Any patient requiring preoperative localization will receive a senology consultation. The RFID tag will be placed during this consultation. The hook wire localization will be done the day before the surgery. Patients will fill out a Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD) questionnaire at the time of inclusion. They will then fill out a satisfaction questionnaire in 2 steps: during the placement of the device (RFID tag or hook wire) or during the postoperative consultation at 1 month. Radiologists and surgeons will fill out a questionnaire to evaluate the localization technique, respectively after the localization and surgery procedures. DISCUSSION: The RFID study is the first study in France which specifically assesses the interest of the RFID localization in terms of patients comfort. Patient comfort is one of the key elements to take into consideration when managing patients in oncology and new technologies such as RFID tags could improve it. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov ID; NCT04750889 registered on February 11, 2021.

Radio frequency identification technology reduce intravenous thrombolysis time in acute ischemic stroke.

PURPOSE: To inspect whether time management with radio frequency identification technology (RFID) reduces symptom onset-to-intravenous thrombolysis time (OTT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). METHODS: In the retrospective study, patients with AIS, transferred by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) to Hunan Provincial People's Hospital between September 2019 to June 2022, divided into three groups, as traditional group, in-hospital RFID group and whole process RFID group. Baseline characteristics and time metrics were compared. RESULTS: After the whole emergency process applied with RFID time management, Door to intravenous thrombolysis time (DNT) was reduced from 125.00±43.16 min to 32.59±25.45 min (F = 121.857, p<0.001), and OTT was reduced from 235.53±57.27 min to 144.31±47.96 min (F = 10.377, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Time management with RFID is effective in reducing OTT in AIS patients with thrombolysis treatment.

Setting the stage to tag "n" track: a guideline for implementing, validating and reporting a radio frequency identification system for monitoring resource visit behavior in poultry.

Passive radio frequency identification (RFID) can advance poultry behavior research by enabling automated, individualized, longitudinal, in situ, and noninvasive monitoring; these features can usefully extend traditional approaches to animal behavior monitoring. Furthermore, since the technology can provide insight into the visiting patterns of tagged animals at functional resources (e.g., feeders), it can be used to investigate individuals' welfare, social position, and decision-making. However, the lack of guidelines that would facilitate implementing an RFID system for such investigations, describing it, and establishing its validity undermines this technology's potential for advancing poultry science. This paper aims to fill this gap by 1) providing a nontechnical overview of how RFID functions; 2) providing an overview of the practical applications of RFID technology in poultry sciences; 3) suggesting a roadmap for implementing an RFID system in poultry behavior research; 4) reviewing how validation studies of RFID systems have been done in farm animal behavior research, with a focus on terminologies and procedures for quantifying reliability and validity; and 5) suggesting a way to report on an RFID system deployed for animal behavior monitoring. This guideline is aimed mainly at animal scientists, RFID component manufacturers, and system integrators who wish to deploy RFID system as an automated tool for monitoring poultry behavior for research purposes. For such a particular application, it can complement indications in classic general standards (e.g., ISO/IEC 18000-63) and provide ideas for setting up, testing, and validating an RFID system and a standard for reporting on its adequacy and technical aspects.

Pre-operative localisation of axillary lymph nodes using radiofrequency identification (RFID) tags: a feasibility assessment in 75 cases.

AIM: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of using radiofrequency identification (RFID) tags for the localisation of axillary nodes prior to targeted excision in a National Health Service (NHS) breast unit. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective data collection was carried out to analyse the first 75 cases of RFID-targeted axillary nodes inserted between 12 June 2019 and 27 October 2022, during which an overall total of 1,296 breast and axillary tags were deployed in 1,120 patients. RESULTS: Of the 75 axillary tags, 70 (93%) had a primary breast cancer and five (7%) had no known breast cancer but had an abnormal node targeted for diagnostic excision. Of the 70 with breast cancer, 20 (29%) underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) including one neoadjuvant endocrine therapy. Localisations were performed an average of 11 days before surgery (median 6, range 1-95; n=75). Patients undergoing NAC had their tags inserted after completing treatment due to the artefact caused by the tags on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Tag deployment had a 100% success rate, with 62 tags (83%) lying within the node and 13 tags (17%) lying directly adjacent to the node, either in direct contact (nine of 13), or a maximum of 8 mm from the target (four of 13). All tags and their respective nodes were excised successfully at surgery with no significant complications. There were four cases of tag dislodgement during excision, but overall, this did not compromise retrieval of the tag or the node. CONCLUSIONS: The use of RFID tags for the preoperative localisation of axillary nodes is safe and feasible.

VASERP: An Adaptive, Lightweight, Secure, and Efficient RFID-Based Authentication Scheme for IoV.

With the rapid growth in wireless communication and IoT technologies, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is applied to the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) to ensure the security of private data and the accuracy of identification and tracking. However, in traffic congestion scenarios, frequent mutual authentication increases the overall computing and communication overhead of the network. For this reason, in this work, we propose a lightweight RFID security fast authentication protocol for traffic congestion scenarios, designing an ownership transfer protocol to transfer access rights to vehicle tags in non-congestion scenarios. The edge server is used for authentication, and the elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) algorithm and the hash function are combined to ensure the security of vehicles' private data. The Scyther tool is used for the formal analysis of the proposed scheme, and this analysis shows that the proposed scheme can resist typical attacks in mobile communication of the IoV. Experimental results show that, compared to other RFID authentication protocols, the calculation and communication overheads of the tags proposed in this work are reduced by 66.35% in congested scenarios and 66.67% in non-congested scenarios, while the lowest are reduced by 32.71% and 50%, respectively. The results of this study demonstrate a significant reduction in the computational and communication overhead of tags while ensuring security.

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag localisation of non-palpable breast lesions a single centre experience.

AIM: The purpose of this study is to report the surgical experience and outcomes with pre-operative localisation of non-palpable breast lesions using the RFID tag system. METHODS: The cohort for this prospective study included patients over the age of 18 with biopsy proven, non-palpable indeterminate lesions, DCIS or breast cancer requiring pre-operative localisation before surgical excision between September 2020 and July 2022. RESULTS: A total of 312 RFID tags were placed in 299 consecutive patients. Indications for localisation included non-palpable invasive cancer in 255 (85.3%) patients, in situ disease in 38 (12.7%) and indeterminate lesions requiring surgical excision in 6 (2.0%). Both in situ and invasive lesions had a median size of 13 mm (range 4-100 mm) on pre-operative imaging. The RFID tags were in situ for a median time of 21 days before surgery (range 0-233 days). Of the 213 tags, 292 (93.6%) were introduced using ultrasound (USS) guidance and stereotactically in 20 (6.4%). In 3 (1.0%) cases the RFID tag was either not satisfactorily deployed at the intended target or retrieved intra-operatively. Following discussion of post-operative histology by the multi-disciplinary team, further surgery for close or involved margins was for 26 (8.7%) patients. CONCLUSION: The Hologic RFID tag system can be used for accurate pre-operative localisation of non-palpable masses as well as diffuse abnormalities such as mammographic distortions and calcifications. It has advantages of flexibility for scheduling image-guided insertion independently of scheduled operating lists and can be placed to localise lesions prior to initiating neoadjuvant systemic treatment.

[Management Research of Secondary Warehouse of Medical Consumables in Operating Room by Using TRM Method under Support of Smart Healthcare].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the application effect of the team resource management (TRM) mode in the management of the secondary warehouse of medical consumables in the operating room based on the support of smart healthcar. METHODS: Using the TRM management method， a new mode of intelligent management of medical consumables in the operating room was implemented to form a complete closedloop management process of medical consumables through the unique identification (UDI) and radio frequency identification (RFID) scanning technology of smart medical. RESULTS: The average purchase amount of high-value consumables for each operation in the operating room of the hospital decreased by 6.2%, the proportion of low-value consumables used decreased by 32%, and the efficiency of supplier distribution increased by 11.7% in 2021. The cumulative reduction in medical costs is more than 40 million CNY. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the new management model of the secondary warehouse of medical consumables in the operating room by using the TRM method under the support of smart healthcare, the team cooperation has been strengthened, and the management level of medical consumables in the operating room has been effectively improved.

[Intraoperative Margin Assessment during Thoracoscopic Sublobar Resection Using Radiofrequency Identification Microchip].

We developed a novel wireless localization technique with radiofrequency identification( RFID) markers to enable precise localization of deeply located small lung lesions. Electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy was used to place RFID markers as close to tumors as possible. Without palpating the lung, operators located the marker using a detection probe, following tone changes in accordance with the marker-probe distance. In this section, we present a novel wireless localization technique using an RFID marker for accurate localization of small lung lesions.

[Analysis of Radio Frequency Identification Immunity Standard for Medical Equipment].

Aiming at the increasing application of RFID technology in the medical environment, this study introduces the foreign requirements for RFID immunity test of medical devices, compares them with the current immunity test requirements of medical devices in China, and puts forward the necessity of establishing relevant test specifications in China.

Environmental Burden Case Study of RFID Technology in Logistics Centre.

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has established itself as an effective tool for identifying various objects in all human and business areas. There are many studies describing the use of this technology. However, scientific articles only marginally address the issue of recycling or reusing radio frequency identifiers. Radio frequency identifiers are defined as electronic waste by European Union legislation. This article deals with the environmental burden resulting from the use of radio frequency identifiers in a selected logistics centre and courier company in the Slovak and Czech Republic territories. The research and its relevance have become topical in the context of pandemics and with the increasing demand for products and courier services. In order to access the level of the above-mentioned environmental burden in a relevant way, an analysis of the circulation of transport units (pallets) and radio frequency identifiers in the selected logistics centre was carried out. The research results showed that the selected logistics centre generated annually 5.7 t of the e-waste from radio frequency identifiers placed on received pallets. The amount of 139 kg of metal was present in the e-waste quantity. The partial results of the research were applied to the e-commerce area. This article's conclusion is dedicated to the characterization of possibilities of reducing the environmental burden from the use of radio frequency identifiers in logistics.

Comparing Efficiency and Performance of IoT BLE and RFID-Based Systems for Achieving Contract Tracing to Monitor Infection Spread among Hospital and Office Staff.

COVID-19 is highly contagious and spreads rapidly; it can be transmitted through coughing or contact with virus-contaminated hands, surfaces, or objects. The virus spreads faster indoors and in crowded places; therefore, there is a huge demand for contact tracing applications in indoor environments, such as hospitals and offices, in order to measure personnel proximity while placing as little load on them as possible. Contact tracing is a vital step in controlling and restricting pandemic spread; however, traditional contact tracing is time-consuming, exhausting, and ineffective. As a result, more research and application of smart digital contact tracing is necessary. As the Internet of Things (IoT) and wearable sensor device studies have grown in popularity, this work has been based on the practicality and successful implementation of Bluetooth low energy (BLE) and radio frequency identification (RFID) IoT based wireless systems for achieving contact tracing. Our study presents autonomous, low-cost, long-battery-life wireless sensing systems for contact tracing applications in hospital/office environments; these systems are developed with off-the-shelf components and do not rely on end user participation in order to prevent any inconvenience. Performance evaluation of the two implemented systems is carried out under various real practical settings and scenarios; these two implemented centralised IoT contact tracing devices were tested and compared demonstrating their efficiency results.

RF-Alphabet: Cross Domain Alphabet Recognition System Based on RFID Differential Threshold Similarity Calculation Model.

Gesture recognition can help people with a speech impairment to communicate and promote the development of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) technology. With the development of wireless technology, passive gesture recognition based on RFID has become a research hotspot. In this paper, we propose a low-cost, non-invasive and scalable gesture recognition technology, and successfully implement the RF-alphabet, a gesture recognition system for complex, fine-grained, domain-independent 26 English letters; the RF-alphabet has three major advantages: first, this paper achieves complete capture of complex, fine-grained gesture data by designing a dual-tag, dual-antenna layout. Secondly, to overcome the disadvantages of the large training sets and long training times of traditional deep learning. We design and combine the Difference threshold similarity calculation prediction model to extract digital signal features to achieve real-time feature analysis of gesture signals. Finally, the RF alphabet solves the problem of confusing the signal characteristics of letters. Confused letters are distinguished by comparing the phase values of feature points. The RF-alphabet ends up with an average accuracy of 90.28% and 89.7% in different domains for new users and new environments, respectively, by performing feature analysis on similar signals. The real-time, robustness, and scalability of the RF-alphabet are proven.